Circuits & Schematics - Microcontrollers Usage - 3

The 0- to 20-mA current loop is a reliable means of data communication in industrial applications. These circuits use a precision shunt in the receiver to convert the current signal into a voltage signal. Accidentally connecting the precision ...

Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a terrific basis for digital to analog conversion. Credit goes to features like simplicity and (theoretically) perfect differential and integral linearity. Unfortunately, PWM’s need for ripple filtering tends ...

The basis for this Design Idea is a circuit that uses three resistors and a microcontroller-I/O pin to work as input high impedance or output to independently drive two LEDs ( Reference 1 ). The idea sounded good for this design, mainly because of ...

I 2 C is a popular bidirectional serial communications bus having a clock and a data line. Both line’s drivers consist of an open drain ground-referenced N-channel MOSFET with a pullup resistor connected to a supply ranging from 1.8 V to 5 V. ...

The circuit in Figure 1 is a single-supply version of a programmable Schmitt trigger, or a comparator with hysteresis. A comparator, A1, and a digitally programmable potentiometer (DPP1) are used for the function. The lower (V LL ) and upper (V UL ...

In battery-powered applications in which power management is key, a microprocessor may adjust its core voltage corresponding to an increase or a decrease in clock speed, allowing full processing power when necessary but not wasting excess power ...

By decoding the commands sent by a direct-broadcast satellite receiver that uses the DISEqC (digital-satellite-equipment-control) protocol, you can troubleshoot the commands or simply listen in. Eutelsat Corp offers the DISEqC protocol. The ...

This design idea (Figure 1) shows how easily “new flesh can be added to the old bones” and how some new functions can be added to the simple LED display that was published earlier ( Reference 1 ). Figure 1. Upgraded simple LED display ...

This handheld electric PCB drill speed controller is cheap, easy to build, and only uses a few components. Basically, it is an Arduino Uno based PWM controller that operates at a relatively high frequency (Figure 1). It features almost 0-100% DC ...

This expandable LED display for a microcontroller in Figure 1 has a simple interface with only 6 data/control wires and can be easily accommodated to a DIY design. The display has static indication. Figure 1. The expandable LED display for a ...