Shown are details of the current sources used in the emitters of the transistors in Figure 1

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Other Materials from the Main Document

• Article «Low-distortion discrete buffer amplifier handles bipolar signals»
• Figure 1. The buffer provides unity gain, low output impedance, and low distortion; see Figure 2 for details of the current sources in the transistors' emitters
• Figure 2. Shown are details of the current sources used in the emitters of the transistors in Figure 1
• Figure 3. This circuit is a version of the circuit shown in Figure 1 that will automatically servo the output to a voltage close to zero
• Figure 4. If you know which beta value is higher, you can replace one device with a diode, D₂
• Figure 5. An optocoupler with an incandescent lamp can be used; in this case, the integrator is not needed, because the filament acts as an integrator