Mehmet Efe Ozbek

Latching relays change their states when you apply a short voltage pulse to their coils. Because these relays require no continuous coil currents to keep their states, you can save considerable power in the driver...

Piezoelectric buzzers find wide use as audible-signal generators because of their low power consumption and clear, penetrating sound. An external driver or a self-driven circuit that oscillates at the resonant frequency...

A previous Design Idea demonstrates how you can use a microcontroller to drive a piezoelectric buzzer at a high alternating voltage through a four-MOSFET circuit that interfaces to two of its I/O pins (Reference 1)....

Piezoelectric buzzers find wide use in embedded systems for audible-signal generation. You can drive a piezoelectric element directly from a microcontroller’s I/O pins, but the maximum voltage rating and loudness...