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Application Notes

• Download
  Circuitry for Signal Conditioning and Power Conversion &mdash AN75
  PDF, 508 Kb, File published: Mar 1, 1999
  This publication includes designs for data converters and signal conditioners, transducer circuits, crystal oscillators and power converters. Wideband and micropower circuitry receive special attention. Tutorials on micropower design techniques and parasitic effects of test equipment are included.
  Extract from the document

  Application Note 75
  March 1999
  Circuitry for Signal Conditioning and
  Power Conversion
  Designs From a Once Lazy Sabbatical
  Jim Williams
  Introduction
  Linear Technology has a sabbatical program. Every five
  years employees are granted sabbatical leave, which may
  last up to six weeks. You have 18 months from each five
  year employment anniversary to take the leave. Sabbatical
  is fully company paid and has no restrictions. The time is
  yours to do with as you please.
  People exercise all degrees of freedom with their sabbaticals. They go sailing, they go to South Sea islands, they ski
  some mountain nobody ever heard of, they trek in Nepal.
  Houses get fixed, cars restored and children played with.
  For my third sabbatical I resolved to do absolutely nothing.
  For the first time in my life I was really tired, and I knew it.
  A six week rest sounded just fine. I’d walk the dog and
  spend time with my wife and son. That’s it. No transistors,
  no resistors, no op amps and, above all, no writing. I was
  so written out the thought of picking up a pencil produced
  an instant headache. …

• Download
  Understanding and Applying Voltage References &mdash AN82
  PDF, 172 Kb, File published: Nov 1, 1999
  Just how do bandgaps and buried Zeners stack up against Weston cells? Did you know your circuit board may induce more drift in a reference than time and temperature? Learn the answers to these and other commonly asked reference questions ranging from burn-in recommendations to ΔVBE generation in this Application Note.
  Extract from the document

  Application Note 82
  November 1999
  Understanding and Applying Voltage References 30
  2 4 20
  8 3
  10 –20
  16
  32 4
  –30 5 Today’s IC reference technology is divided along two
  lines: bandgap references, which balance the temperature coefficient of a forward-biased diode junction against
  that of a ∆VBE (see Appendix B); and buried Zeners (see
  Appendix A), which use subsurface breakdown to achieve
  outstanding long-term stability and low noise. With few
  exceptions, both reference types use additional on-chip
  circuitry to further minimize temperature drift and trim
  output voltage to an exact value. Bandgap references are
  generally used in systems of up to 12 bits; buried Zeners
  take over from there in higher accuracy systems.
  , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. –1 5
  3
  2 64 6
  1 –40 As with other specialized electronic fields, the field of
  monolithic references has its own vocabulary. We’ve …

• Download
  Linear Technology Magazine Circuit Collection, Volume V: Data Conversion, Interface and Signal Conditioning Products &mdash AN87
  PDF, 1.5 Mb, File published: Nov 1, 2000
  Application Note 87 is the fifth in a series that excerpts useful circuits from Linear Technology magazine. Data conversion, interface and signal conditioning circuits from issue VI:1 (February 1996) through issue VIII:4 (November 1998) are featured. Like its predecessor, AN67, this Application Note includes circuits for high speed video, interface and hot swap circuits, active RC and switched capacitor filter circuitry and a variety of data conversion and instrumentation circuits. All circuits are conveniently indexed by type.
  Extract from the document

  Application Note 87
  November 2000 Linear Technology Magazine Circuit Collection, Volume V
  Data Conversion, Interface and Signal Conditioning Products
  Richard Markell, Editor
  INTRODUCTION
  Application Note 87 is the fifth in a series that excerpts
  useful circuits from Linear Technology magazine to preserve them for posterity. This application note highlights
  data conversion, interface and signal conditioning circuits
  from issue VI:1 (February 1996) through issue VIII:4
  (November 1998). Like its predecessor, AN67, this Application Note includes circuits for high speed video, interface and hot swap circuits, active RC and switched capacitor filter circuitry and a variety of data conversion and instrumentation circuits. There are also several circuits
  that cannot be so neatly categorized. So, without further
  ado, I’ll let the authors describe their circuits.
  Note: Article Titles appear in this application note exactly
  as they originally appeared in Linear Technology magazine. This may result in some inconsistency in the usage
  of terminology. TABLE OF CONTENTS
  Introduction . 1
  DATA CONVERTERS
  The LTC®1446 and LTC1446L: World’s First Dual 12-Bit DACs in SO-8 Packages . 3
  Multichannel A/D Uses a Single Antialiasing Filter. 4
  LTC1454/54L and LTC1458/58L: Dual and Quad 12-Bit, Rail-to-Rail, Micropower DACs . 5
  Micropower ADC and DAC in SO-8 Give PC 12-Bit Analog Interface . 7
  The LTC1594 and LTC1598: Micropower 4-and 8-Channel 12-Bit ADCs . 10
  MUX the LTC1419 Without Software . 13 …

Design Notes

• Download
  The Smart Rock &mdash DN161
  PDF, 322 Kb, File published: Aug 1, 1997
  Extract from the document

  The “Smart Rock”: A Micropower Transponder
  Design Note 161 Dale Eager
  INTRODUCTION
  A “smart rock” is a locating device that is buried at a specific
  site. It is interrogated by a portable source and responds
  with information about its position, identification number
  or any data that it has collected since its last interrogation.
  Ideally, a smart rock, once placed, will wait, listening for
  its interrogator, for many years, or even for decades. A
  smart rock buried on a nature trail might send its identification number to a traveler’s handheld transponder, which
  would decode the identification number and play a message
  describing the surrounding sights. It could also be used
  to direct the traveler which way to turn at a trail junction.
  Smart rocks are sometimes placed along the edges of
  cliffs so that interrogators built into vehicles, such as
  bulldozers, will cause them to stop before they get too
  close to the edge.
  THE MICROPOWER SUBCIRCUITS
  The Oscillator
  Figure 1 shows the LTC В® 1440 implementing a micropower
  oscillator. This circuit provides the references for both
  voltage and frequency needed in our rock; it draws only
  a few microamps of battery current. …

• Download
  1ВµA Op Amp Permits Precision Portable Circuitry &mdash DN163
  PDF, 78 Kb, File published: Sep 2, 1997
  Extract from the document

  1µA Op Amp Permits Precision Portable Circuitry – Design Note 163
  Mitchell Lee and Jim Williams
  The circuit’s internal AC coupling prevents A1’s DC characteristics from influencing overall DC performance,
  accounting for the extremely low offset errors noted. A new dual op amp with only 1μA power consumption and precision DC specifications permits high
  performance portable applications. The LT В®1495
  has 375ОјV offset, 2ОјV/В°C drift, 1nA bias current and
  100dB of open-loop gain. These attributes, combined
  with careful design, make portable, high performance
  circuitry possible. The desired micropower operation and A1’s bandwidth
  dictate the 5Hz clock rate. As such, resultant overall
  bandwidth is low. Full power bandwidth is 0.05Hz with
  a slew rate of about 1V/s. Clock related noise, about
  5μV, can be reduced by increasing CCOMP, with commensurate bandwidth reduction. 5.5μA, 0.05μV/°C Chopped Amplifier
  Figure 1 shows a chopped amplifier requiring only 5.5μA
  supply current. Offset voltage is 5ОјV, with 0.05ОјV/В°C
  drift. Gain exceeding 108 affords high accuracy, even
  at large closed-loop gains. 0.03% Linear V/F Converter with 13ОјA Power Drain
  Figure 2’s voltage-to-frequency converter takes full
  advantage of the LT1495’s low power consumption.
  A 0V to 2.5V input produces a 0Hz to 10kHz output,
  with 0.03% linearity, 250ppm/В°C drift and 10ppm/V
  supply rejection. Maximum current consumption is
  only 13ОјA, 200 times lower than currently available ICs. …

• Download
  UL Isolated Self-Powered Sensing &mdash DN204
  PDF, 80 Kb, File published: Apr 3, 1999
  Extract from the document

  advertisement UL Isolated Self-Powered Sensing – Design Note 204
  Wayne Shumaker
  Introduction
  One of the major drawbacks with isolated sensing is the
  need for an isolated power supply. The LTCВ®1531 combines an isolated voltage comparator and voltage reference powered through its own internal capacitive isolation
  barrier. This barrier provides 2500VRMS of isolation. The
  LTC1531 provides a way to design control circuits that
  require an isolated sensor, such as a thermistor, thermocouple or R-bridge sensor, with power and signal communication across an isolation barrier. Often there is
  enough power available on the isolated side to deliver
  several microamps of continuous power to external micropower sensor circuits, or alternatively several milliamps
  for short durations.
  The LTC1531 powers the isolated side with a voltage
  pump driving the internal isolation caps formed in the lead
  frame. This voltage is rectified and stored on the isolated
  side. Periodically, the voltage pump stops and, if the
  isolated side has stored approximately 3.3V on an external capacitor, a comparison is done with the result sent
  back to the powered side where it is latched. This latched
  result can be used with the internal zero-cross comparator, with pulsed output, for controlling a triac. To aid in the
  isolated comparison, there is a 2.5V, 5mA, 100Вµs pulsed
  reference, VREG. The isolated comparator samples at the
  , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
  AC
  120V …

Articles

• Download
  4.5µA Li-Ion Battery Protection Circuit &mdash LT Journal
  PDF, 114 Kb, File published: Jun 1, 1999
  Extract from the document

  DESIGN IDEAS 4.5ВµA Li-Ion Battery Protection Circuit
  by Albert Lee Li-Ion Battery
  Undervoltage Lockout
  Figure 1 shows an ultralow power,
  precision undervoltage-lockout circuit. The circuit monitors the voltage
  of a Li-Ion battery and disconnects
  the load to protect the battery from
  deep discharge when the battery voltage drops below the lockout threshold.
  Storing a battery-powered product in
  a discharged state puts the battery at
  risk of being completely discharged.
  In a discharged condition, current to
  the protection circuitry continuously
  discharges the battery. If the battery
  is discharged below the recommended
  end-of-discharge voltage, overall battery performance degrades, the cycle
  life is shortened and the battery may
  die prematurely. In contrast, if the
  lockout voltage is set too high, maximum battery capacity is not realized.
  The low-battery mode of operation
  is indicated when, for instance, a cell
  phone automatically powers down after the battery-low indicator has been
  flashing for some time. If the phone is …

Model Line

Manufacturer's Classification

• Signal Conditioning > Amplifiers > Operational Amplifiers (Op Amps) > Precision Amplifiers (Vos | Low Power Amplifiers (Is < 1mA/amp) | High Voltage Amplifiers (>12V) | Rail-to-Rail Amplifiers
• Space & Harsh Environment > Extended Temperature Plastic (H & MP) > Extended Temperature (H & MP) Amplifiers