The bandpass filter circuit shown in Figure 1 features an electronically controlled Q. Q for a bandpass filter is defined as the ratio of the 3 dB pass bandwidth to the stop bandwidth at some specified attenuation. The center frequency of the ...
Digitally controlled gain is an everyday analog-design element. You frequently find this element in an op-amp-based, transimpedance current-to-voltage converter. When you design digital gain control into such a converter, the usual scheme is to ...
This article explains the basis for achieving an optimized board layout, a critical aspect in the design of switch-mode power supplies. A good layout ensures stable functioning of the switching regulator and minimizes radiated interference as well ...
It is known that the p-n diode can be the basis of an accurate thermometer for cryogenic temperatures up to about 200 C. A constant current is maintained through the diode and the voltage across it gives an indication of the temperature. The ...
The need for conditioning low-level ac signals in the presence of both common-mode noise and differential dc voltage prevails in many applications. In such situations, ac-coupling to instrumentation and difference amplifiers is mandatory to extract ...
Many portable appliances and other products that must operate from a single cell are restricted to working at very low voltages. It is thus difficult to drive white LEDs that typically have a forward voltage of 3 to 5 V. The ability to flash the ...
Almost all precision voltage-to-frequency converters (V-F) utilize charge pump based feedback for stability. These schemes rely on a capacitor for stability. A great deal of effort towards this approach has resulted in high performance V-F ...
Self-powered isolation amplifiers, which need no external isolated power supply, provide versatile and convenient interfaces in many applications that require galvanic isolation of the signal source. Examples of such applications include circuits ...
.. of general active-filter theory, or you can simulate the circuit behavior with any of the common simulation tools, such as Spice. By an intelligent choice of passive-component values, you can easily control the circuit's behavior in ...
The schematic in Figure 1 shows a way to increase the power available from a current-limited 5 V supply by adding power from a 5 V supply. The dc/dc converter generates a single 12 V, 150-mA (1.8 W) output from two regulated and current-limited ...