Circuits & Schematics: Volt - 2

11. Simple fixture statically tests programmable-gain amplifiers
    Marián Štofka
    Circuits Measurement Amplifiers Analog Devices AD8253
    .. first glance. However, any fraction of a millivolt of the input-voltage offset times a gain of 1000 yields a fraction of a volt at the output. When you calculate the differences of the 10.02-mV and 0 V output voltages for the respective ...
    Mar 29, 2023

12. Method sets voltage in multiple-output converters
    Robert Bell
    Circuits Supply onsemi MC33023 MBR2030CTL MURS120T3
    .. current only during its on time, and an internal resistive-voltage drop exists in the secondary output. Therefore, the volt-time product of the main transformer's secondary output is not exactly zero, which is a required condition ...
    Mar 8, 2023

13. ±500 Volt Protection Circuit
    Circuits Measurement Microchip LND150N8-G
    Introduction A 500 V protection circuit for low voltage high impedance measuring instruments is shown in Figure 1. The protection is accomplished by limiting the amount of current going into the measuring instrument. The circuit will protect ...
    Dec 29, 2022
14. Simple circuit shuts off system when supply voltage is low
    Circuits Supply Microchip LM4041
    .. however, IC1’s “-” pin will be near ground when the voltage across R1 is less than 1.24 V, and about a volt below V+ when the voltage across R1 is greater than 1.24 V. Figure 1. This low-cost, space-saving circuit will ...
    Oct 13, 2022
15. Memory-termination IC balances charges on series capacitors
    Clayton Grantham
    Circuits Supply Texas Instruments LP2996A
    .. imposes a self-discharge current of less than 1 mA, which represents a capacitor-battery discharge rate of 5000 sec per volt into an open circuit. You can reduce the LP2996's self-discharge current by applying an external control ...
    Jun 22, 2022
16. Isolated-FET Pulse Driver Reduces Size, Power Consumption
    Jaime Castelló José María Espí Rafael García-Gil
    Circuits Power APT APT40GF120JRD
    .. resets through R 3 and D 3 . The voltage at T 1 ’s secondary winding goes slightly negative to balance the core's volt-second characteristic, which forward-biases Q 3 ’s body diode without current, and Q 4 ’s body diode ...
    Mar 30, 2022
17. Germanium Dual-Boost Starts At 260 mV
    Clayton Grantham
    Circuits Supply Nichia NSPW500BS
    .. but it unconditionally starts at a very low voltage. Previous silicon-transistor boost circuits required approximately a volt to start and many more components. Figure 1. This open-loop boost circuit starts with as little as 260-mV input ...
    Jan 14, 2022
18. Class-AB current booster provides high output voltage swing
    Jerry Steele
    Circuits Amplifiers Texas Instruments OPA1622
    .. shown in Figure 1 enables an amplifier that can deliver higher output voltage swings while still using standard (e.g., 15-volt) op amps at the front end. Figure 1. Schematic of high output voltage swing current booster. Higher swing is ...
    Nov 29, 2021
19. Precision clamp protects data logger
    Jerry Steele
    Circuits Analogue Design Measurement Texas Instruments OPA333
    .. near the center of its 0 to 2.5 V range provides the best linearity. Figure 1. Clamp circuit to precision clamp a 2.5 Volt output while operating on a 2.5 Volt power supply. To achieve this, the reference voltage is halved via the ...
    Oct 14, 2021
20. Single IC Can Produce Isolated or Nonisolated ±12 V Outputs from 30 V to 400 V Input
    Circuits Supply Analog Devices LT8315
    .. C FLY , a second inductor L2, a catch diode D4, and the negative output capacitor C O2 . According to the inductor volt-second balance for the circuit loop of C O1 -L1-C FLY -L2, the average voltage across L1 and L2 is zero, so the ...
    Jan 13, 2021

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