Articles

The low- to moderate-power system in Figure 1 provides the interface between a pulse-width modulator and a high-side IGBT (insulated-gate-bipolar-transistor) or MOSFET switch. You can use it to interface TTL or CMOS circuitry to an H-bridge if you ...

In the first part of this DI ( Ref. 1 ), we saw how to gate an oscillator to generate well-behaved impulses. Now we find out how to extend that idea to producing well-behaved step functions, or nicely smoothed square waves. The ideal here is the ...

Often, one needs a simple low voltage sinusoidal oscillator with good amplitude and frequency stability and low harmonic distortion; here, the Peltz oscillator becomes a viable candidate. Please see the Peltz oscillator Analog Devices Wiki page ...

The circuit in Figure 1 computes the derivative of an input signal as the integral of the input signal minus the signal itself. Figure 1. This circuit produces less noise than the classic inverting differentiator. The response of the circuit is ...

The principle behind testing the impulse response of circuits is simple: hit them with a sharp pulse and see what happens. As usual, Wikipedia has an article detailing the process ( Ref. 1 ). This notes that the ideal pulse a unit impulse, or Dirac ...

Modern day recording and broadcast is a mixed bag for today's audio engineers when it comes to input signal chains. Microphone electronic technology really hasn't changed that much over the last 50 years. The concept is mostly based around ...

The biggest problem with precision noise measurement is that the noise floor you’re trying to evaluate is frequently below the sensitivity of your measuring instruments. The dominant technique for gaging precision op-amp noise is to calculate ...

Dr. Goodenough received a Nobel Prize at the age of 97 for his contributions to making the Lithium-ion battery a reality. Figure 1. Dr. John B. Goodenough with a Li-ion battery. In 2019, at the age of 97, Dr. John B. Goodenough became the oldest ...

The concept of using supercapacitors (also known as ultracapacitors, supercaps, etc.), and replacing the batteries in portable micropower applications ( Ref. 1 ) is gaining momentum. In fact, it has become one of the more noticeable technical ...

Sensors such as strain gages, RTDs (resistance temperature detectors), and thermistors produce a resistance that’s proportional to force or temperature. If you measure a sensor’s resistance, you can calculate the physical parameter. ...