Articles Analogue Design

Simulating the output-offset current of a current mirror is straightforward. You simply have to apply an input current, measure the output current, and calculate the difference. This output-offset current, however, is not equal to the input-offset ...

Nearly four decades ago (in his Designs for High Performance Voltage-to-Frequency Converters, Ref. 1 ), famed designer Jim Williams cataloged five fundamental techniques for voltage to frequency conversion. One of those five is reproduced in Figure ...

An instrumentation amplifier offers precise gain without feedback resistors, and, at any value of gain, it provides high input impedances at its noninverting and inverting inputs. In a typical IC instrumentation amplifier, a single resistor that ...

This is the Microchip MCP41xxx digital potentiometer data sheet that includes (on page 15, their Figure 4-4) an interesting application circuit comprising a Dpot controlled amplifier with pseudologarithmic gain settings. However, as explained in ...

Designers charged with creating precision analog front ends and signal chains know that the performance of the voltage reference whether a discrete standalone device or one that’s embedded in a component such as the analog-to-digital ...

A Microchip Inc datasheet covering the MCP4xxx family of digital potentiometers (Dpot) includes an interesting application circuit on datasheet page 15. See Figure 1 for a (somewhat edited) version of their Figure 4-5. Figure 1. Amplifier with Dpot ...

Manual amplifier nulling circuits are simple topologies, typically consisting of just a trimmer pot and a couple of fixed resistors intended to allow offset adjustment by a (usually small) symmetrical fraction of bipolar supply voltages. So, ...

In many electronic circuits, there is always a demand for a device to isolate or separate one circuit from another. This special device is called a buffer. A buffer is a unity-gain amplifier that has an extremely high input resistance and an ...

Modern measurement systems often operate with single 5-V power supplies, yet their input signals may have large common-mode voltages that exceed the supply by tens or hundreds of volts. Also, unless the converter is driven differentially, the noise ...

Many precision test-and-measurement and high-speed analog applications require an exact targeted voltage to be delivered to the device under test or intended load to accurately analyze the device. Design and test engineers are well-aware that this ...