The conventional way to provide overvoltage protection is to add series resistors with the output node along with the clamping diodes to power-supply rails or other threshold voltages

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• Article «Circuits protect outputs against overvoltage»
• Figure 1. The conventional way to provide overvoltage protection is to add series resistors with the output node along with the clamping diodes to power-supply rails or other threshold voltages
• Figure 2. This circuit works as a bipolar-current source when the voltage drop across source resistor R₆ becomes larger than the gate-threshold voltage of depletion-mode MOSFETs Q₁ and Q₂, thus limiting the current through clamping
• Figure 3. This series-protection circuit disconnects the amplifier-output terminal using a series-connected, high-voltage SSR
• Figure 4. This circuit requires only a couple of external components to use an SSR for output-overvoltage protection